guide-to-becoming-an-ethical-hacker
Tech 

The Ultimate Guide to Becoming an Ethical Hacker

Editorial Staff

Previously, the term ‘hacker’ referred to a skilled programmer with a good grasp of computer operating systems and machine code. However, currently, a hacker is considered to be a person who is constantly involved in hacking.

Ethical hackers refer to hacking as a philosophy and opt to live a lifestyle around hacking activities. A modern ethical hacker modifies features and systems to accomplish a certain goal. These goals are outside of the software designer’s original purpose. If you are considering becoming one, you must have a good grasp of the fundamentals. In this guide, we shall look closely at ethical hacking and how you can become an ethical hacker.

Ethical Hacking Overview

Hacking is often considered a negative and criminal act, but ethical hacking differs greatly. Instead of making use of advanced computer skills for criminal and nefarious acts, ethical hackers make use of their knowledge to identify computer security weaknesses and possible data breach pathways. Organizations and businesses across the globe hire them so computer networks and systems can be protected from hackers with ill intent.

What Does an Ethical Hacker Do?

Ethical hacking is a branch of cybersecurity that reaches beyond security measures to protect a network to unveil data breach possibilities and potential threats. An ethical hacker can work independently or can be hired by a company to keep websites, apps, systems, and networks protected.

Due to this, they are expected to have advanced computer knowledge and must stay on top of current tools/techniques. Hackers must also be well-versed in all kinds of digital assets and software. Even though it may not be easy for beginners to enter the field, those that stay persistent can earn a hefty salary and enjoy a lucrative career in the long run.

Steps to Become an Ethical Hacker
1. Get Well-Versed With Linux/Unix

Linux and Unix are open-source operating systems (OS) that ensure excellent computer system security. Since it is often the most commonly used operating system as it has multiple tools for hacking, an ethical hacker must be well-versed with Linux. Common Linux distributions include:

  • Ubuntu
  • BackTrack
  • Linux
  • Red Hat
  • Kali Linux

Out of these, Kali Linux is the system that is specially curated for hacking purposes.

2. Learn the C Programming Language

C is considered the mother of all computer programming languages. It forms the base for understanding Linux and Unix, as they are coded using it. Understanding C allows programmers to use the Linux OS correctly to improve their hacking skills. However, it is a good idea to learn more than one programming language so you can easily analyze and understand any code. Programming languages that are suitable for hackers include:

  • JavaScript (used in hacking web apps)
  • Python (used for exploit code writing)
  • SQL (suitable for hacking large databases)
  • PHP (helps ward off malicious attacks)
3. Practice Being Anonymous

The key to being a hacker is knowing how to stay anonymous. It would be best if you did not leave any trace, as this prevents backtracking. If a Black hat hacker realizes there is someone in their network, then they might launch an attack on the particular system. MacChanger, Proxychains, and Anonsurf are the top three tools hackers use to stay anonymous.

4. Understand Networking Concepts

Understanding networking concepts and their design is crucial for ethical hackers. This allows them to know how to exploit one and be aware of the vulnerabilities. Get well-versed with networking software tools like Wireshark, Nmap, and others to stay on top of your game. Essential networking concepts include:

  • TCP/IP Network
  • Simple Network Management Protocol
  • Server Message Block
  • Network Masks and CIDR
  • Bluetooth Networks
  • SCADA Networks (Modbus)
  • Domain Name Service (DNS)
  • Address Resolution Protocol
  • Wireless Network
  • Subnetting
  • Automobile Networks (CAN)
5. Explore the Dark Web and Cryptography

The dark web or hidden web cannot be looked up using search engines. Special software and authentication are required to gain access using a Tor browser. A lot of illegal, criminal activity goes about here, so understanding how it works is very important for an ethical hacker.

Another critical asset for hackers is secret writing or cryptography. This allows for encryption and decryption of code, which allows hackers to bypass authentication, confidentiality, passwords, and data integrity.

6. Explore Deeper Concepts and Vulnerabilities

Once you cover the basics, it is an excellent idea to get acquainted with advanced topics like vulnerability assessment, SQL injections, and penetration testing. Always stay updated regarding the latest hacking practices and security tools. It is also important to have an idea of system vulnerabilities. You can make use of the following tools to identify weaknesses in a Kali Linux OS:

  • OpenVAS vulnerability scanner (scans vulnerabilities in a network)
  • Nessus vulnerability scanner (scans vulnerabilities in systems and web apps)
  • Nmap vulnerability scanner (scans weaknesses in several targets)
  • Nikto vulnerability scanner (identifies vulnerabilities on web servers)
  • Wapiti vulnerability scanner (scans web app problems like XSS and SQLi)
Endnote

An ethical hacker needs to put in great effort to become an expert. However, the good news is that professionals are readily hired by large corporations and are paid hefty salaries. Meet expert hackers, attend discussions, and practice to stay on top of your game and polish your skills.